【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforNearInfraredQualitativeAnalysis
【原文标准名称】:近红外线定性分析的标准实用规程
【标准号】:ASTME1790-2004(2010)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E13.11
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:molecularspectroscopy;near-infrared;qualitativeanalysis;Mahalanobisdistance;Infrared(IR)analysis--metals/alloys;Infraredspectroscopy;Molecularspectroscopy;Near-infraredanalysis/instruments;Qualitativeanalysis/measurement
【摘要】:NIRspectroscopyisawidelyusedtechniqueforquantitativeanalysis,anditisalsobecomingmorewidelyusedfortheidentificationoforganicmaterials,thatis,qualitativeanalysis.Ingeneral,however,theconceptofqualitativeanalysisasusedintheNIRspectralregiondiffersfromthatusedinthemid-IRspectralregioninthatNIRqualitativeanalysisreferstotheprocessofautomatedcomparisonofthespectraofunknownmaterialstothespectraofknownmaterialsinordertoidentifytheunknown.Thisapproachconstitutesalibrarysearchmethodinwhicheachusergenerateshisownlibrary.Historically,NIRspectroscopyaspracticedwithclassicalUV-VIS-NIRinstrumentsusingmethodssimilartothosedescribedinPracticeE1252wasnotconsideredtobeastrongtechniqueforqualitativeanalysis.Althoughthepositionsandintensitiesofabsorptionbandsinspecificwavelengthrangeswereusedtoconfirmthepresenceofcertainfunctionalgroups,thespectrawerenotconsideredtobespecificenoughtoallowunequivocalidentificationofunknownmaterials.AfewimportantlibrariesofNIRspectraweredevelopedforqualitativepurposes,butthelackofsuitabledatahandlingfacilitieslimitedthescopeofqualitativeanalysisseverely.Furthermore,earlierworkwaslimitedalmostentirelytoliquidsamples.Currently,themid-IRprocedureofdeducingthestructureofanunknownmaterialbymethodofanalysisofthelocations,strengths,andpositionalshiftsofindividualabsorptionbandsisgenerallynotusedintheNIR.WiththedevelopmentofspecializedNIRinstrumentsandmathematicalalgorithmsfortreatingthedata,itbecamepossibletoobtainawealthofinformationfromNIRspectrathathadhithertogoneunused.Whilethemathematicalalgorithmsdescribedinthispracticecanbeappliedtospectraldatainanyregion,thispracticedescribestheirapplicationtotheNIR.TheapplicationofNIRspectroscopytoqualitativeanalysisinthemannerdescribedisrelativelynew,andproceduresforthisapplicationarestillevolving.Theapplicationofchemometricmethodstospectroscopyhaslimitations,andthelimitationsarenotalldefinedyetsincethetechniquesarerelativelynew.Oneareaofconcerntosomescientistsistheeffectoflow-levelcontaminants.Anyanalyticalmethodologyhasitsdetectionlimits,andNIRisnodifferentinthisregard,butneitherwouldweexpectittobeanyworse.SincetherelativelybroadcharacterofNIRbandsmakesitunlikelythatacontaminantwouldnotoverlapanyofthemeasuredwavelengths,thequestionwouldonlybeoneofdegree:whetheragivenamountofcontaminantcouldbedetected.Theusermustbeawareoftheprobablecontaminantsheisliabletorunintoandaccountforthepossibilityofthisoccurring,perhapsbyincludingdeliberatelycontaminatedsamplesinthetrainingset.1.1Thispracticecoverstheuseofnear-infrared(NIR)spectroscopyforthequalitativeanalysisofliquidsandsolids.ThepracticeiswrittenundertheassumptionthatmostNIRqualitativeanalyseswillbeperformedwithinstrumentsdesignedspecificallyforthisregionandequippedwithcomputerizeddatahandlingalgorithms.Inprinciple,however,thepracticealsoappliestoworkwithliquidsamplesusinginstrumentsdesignedforoperationovertheultraviolet(UV),visible,andmid-infrared(IR)regionsifsuitabledatahandlingcapabilitiesareavailable.ManyFourierTransformInfrared(FTIR)(normallyconsideredmid-IRinstruments)haveNIRcapability,oratleastextended-rangebeamsplittersthatallowoperationto1.2x03BC;m;thispracticealsoappliestodatafromtheseinstruments.1.2ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsareto......
【中国标准分类号】:A42
【国际标准分类号】:71_040_50
【页数】:8P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:TestMethodforTotalRosinAcidsContentofCoatingVehicles
【原文标准名称】:车辆涂层中总松香酸含量的测试方法
【标准号】:ASTMD1469-1993
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1993
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:ASTM
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:涂层;松香;含量;高聚物;颜料;树脂;含量测定;涂料
【英文主题词】:polymers;rosin;coatings;paints;resins;determinationofcontent;pigments;content
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:G51
【国际标准分类号】:87_040
【页数】:3P;A4
【正文语种】:英语